Chemist mune academia uye indasitiri vanokurukura izvo zvichaita misoro gore rinouya

6 nyanzvi dzinofanotaura maitiro makuru emakemikari e2023

Chemist mune academia uye indasitiri vanokurukura izvo zvichaita misoro gore rinouya

Chikwereti: Will Ludwig/C&EN/Shutterstock

MAHER EL-KADY, CHIEF TECHNOLOGY OFFICER, NANOTECH ENERGY, UYE ELECTROCHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES.

Chikwereti: Rubatsiro rwaMaher El-Kady

"Kuti tibvise kutsamira pamafuta ezvicherwa uye kuderedza kuburitsa kabhoni, imwe nzira chaiyo ndeyekuisa magetsi zvese kubva kudzimba kuenda kumota.Mumakore mashoma apfuura, takaona mabhindauko makuru mukuvandudza nekugadzirwa kwemabhatiri ane simba anotarisirwa kushandura zvinoshamisa mafambiro atinoita kuenda kubasa nekushanyira shamwari nemhuri.Kuve nechokwadi chekuchinja kuzere kune simba remagetsi, kumwe kuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi, nguva yekuchaja, chengetedzo, kudzokorodza, uye mutengo pa kilowatt awa zvichiri kudikanwa.Munhu anogona kutarisira kuti tsvakiridzo yebhatiri ichawedzera muna 2023 nenhamba iri kuwedzera yemakemikari uye masayendisiti ezvekushandisa ari kushanda pamwechete kubatsira kuisa mota dzemagetsi munzira. "

KLAUS LACKNER, DIRECTOR, CENTRE FOR NEGATIVE CARBON EMISSIONS, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY.

Credit: Arizona State University

“Kusvika paCOP27, [musangano wepasi rose wemhoteredzo wakaitwa muna Mbudzi kuEgypt], 1.5 °C yakanangana nemamiriro ekunze yakava isinganzwisisike, zvichisimbisa kukosha kwekubvisa kabhoni.Naizvozvo, 2023 ichaona kufambira mberi mune yakananga-mhepo-kutora matekinoroji.Ivo vanopa nzira inokonzeresa yekuburitsa kwakashata, asi inodhura zvakanyanya kune kabhoni tsvina yekutonga.Nekudaro, kubatwa kwemhepo kwakananga kunogona kutanga kudiki uye kukura munhamba pane kukura.Sezvakangoita solar panel, yakananga-air-capture zvishandiso zvinogona kugadzirwa-zhinji.Kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwakaratidza kudzikiswa kwemutengo nemirairo yehukuru.2023 inogona kupa tarisiro yekuti ndeipi yetekinoroji inopihwa inogona kutora mukana wekudzikisa mutengo unowanikwa mukugadzirwa kwakawanda. "

RALPH MARQUARDT, CHIEF INNOVATION OFFICER, EVONIK INDUSTRIES

Chikwereti: Evonik Industries

“Kumisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze ibasa guru.Inogona kubudirira chete kana tikashandisa zviwanikwa zvishoma.Hupfumi hwechokwadi hwedenderedzwa hwakakosha kune izvi.Mipiro yeindasitiri yemakemikari kune izvi inosanganisira zvinhu zvitsva, maitiro matsva, uye zvinowedzera zvinobatsira kugadzira nzira yekudzokororwa kwezvinhu zvakatoshandiswa.Vanoita kuti kudzokorodza kwemuchina kushande uye kugonesa kudzoreredza kemikari zvine musoro kunyangwe kupfuura basic pyrolysis.Kushandura marara kuita zvinhu zvakakosha kunoda hunyanzvi kubva kuindasitiri yemakemikari.Mukutenderera chaiko, tsvina inodzokororwa uye inova yakakosha zvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zvitsva.Zvisinei, tinofanira kukurumidza;magadzirirwo edu anodiwa izvozvi kuti hupfumi hwenyika huvepo mune ramangwana. "

SARAH E. O'CONNOR, DIRECTOR, BAZI RECHIgadzirwa CHENATURAL PRODUCT BIOSYNTHESIS, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE YECHEMICAL ECOLOGY

Credit: Sebastian Reuters

"Maitiro e'-Omics" anoshandiswa kutsvaga majini nema enzymes anoshandiswa nemabhakitiriya, fungi, zvirimwa, uye zvimwe zvipenyu kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvechisikigo zvakaomarara.Aya majini nema enzymes anogona kubva ashandiswa, kazhinji mukubatana nemakemikari maitiro, kugadzira nharaunda inoshamwaridzana biocatalytic kugadzira mapuratifomu emamorekuru asingaverengeki.Isu tinogona ikozvino kuita '-omics' pane imwe sero.Ini ndinofanotaura kuti tichaona kuti imwe-sero transcriptomics uye genomics iri kushandura kukurumidza kwatinowana aya majini nema enzymes.Uyezve, metabolomics yesero rimwe yava kuita zvino, ichitibvumira kuyera kuungana kwekemikari musero rimwe nerimwe, ichitipa mufananidzo wakarurama zvikuru wemashandiro anoita sero sefekitari yamakemikari.”

RICHMOND SARPONG, ORGANIC CHEMIST, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY

Credit: Niki Stefanelli

"Kunzwisisa kuri nani kwekuomarara kwema organic mamorekuru, semuenzaniso nzira yekuziva pakati pekuomarara kwechimiro uye nyore kwekubatanidza, icharamba ichibuda kubva mukufambira mberi mukudzidza kwemuchina, izvo zvinozotungamira mukukurumidza mukuita optimization uye kufanotaura.Kufambira mberi uku kuchadyisa nzira nyowani dzekufunga nezvekusiyanisa nzvimbo yemakemikari.Imwe nzira yekuita izvi kuburikidza nekuita shanduko kunharaunda yemamorekuru uye imwe ndeye kukanganisa shanduko kumusimboti wemamorekuru nekugadzirisa skeletons emamorekuru.Nekuti macores ema organic molecules ane mabhondi akasimba senge kabhoni-kabhoni, kabhoni-nitrogen, uye kabhoni-okisijeni zvisungo, ndinotenda isu tichaona kukura kwenhamba yenzira dzekushanda idzi mhando dzezvisungo, kunyanya muhurongwa husina kuvharwa.Kufambira mberi mu photoredox catalysis kuchabatsirawo kune nzira itsva mukugadzirisa skeletal. "

ALISON WENDLANDT, ORGANIC CHEMIST, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Credit: Justin Knight

"Muna 2023, organic chemist icharamba ichikurudzira kusarudzika zvakanyanya.Ini ndinotarisira kuwedzera kukura kwenzira dzekugadzirisa dzinopa atomu-level chaiyo pamwe nemidziyo mitsva yekugadzira macromolecules.Ini ndinoramba ndichifemerwa nekubatanidzwa kwekare-yakatarisana matekinoroji muorganic chemistry toolkit: biocatalytic, electrochemical, photochemical, uye sophisticated data sainzi maturusi ari kuwedzera mwero.Ndinotarisira kuti nzira dzekushandisa maturusi aya dzicharamba dzichitumbuka, zvichitiunzira chemistry yatisina kumbofungidzira kuti inogoneka. "

Cherechedza: Mhinduro dzese dzakatumirwa kuburikidza neemail.